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25th Sunday in Ordinary Time (A) - Is my relationship with God transactional or relational?

The parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard is meant to challenge us to examine the way we conceive of our relationship with God.  If we find ourselves bothered that those called last into the vineyard are paid the same as those called first  - if we think “that is not fair”, then we are reading the parable correctly.  Because this is a parable about the Kingdom of heaven.  Jesus is making the point that the kingdom of heaven does not operate like an earthly exchange economy.  The kingdom of heaven is relational not transactional.  We misunderstand the ways of God if we are projecting an earthly measure onto God, and we will be unhappy and frustrated if we try to live our faith in a transactional way.  The reading from the Book of the Prophet Isaiah sets the tone for the message of the parable:  “let him turn to the Lord for mercy; to our God, who is generous in forgiving.”  The parable could just as well be titled “the parable of the generous landowner”.  The parable is set up so that the landowner represents God.  What distinguishes the first that are called from the rest is that the landowner sent them into the vineyard “after agreeing with them for the usual daily wage.”  This is contractual language.  It is like the workers are setting the terms of the agreement.  “I’ll work for you if you pay me this much.”  They are setting up an exchange - a transaction.  When he goes out at 9:00 a.m., he makes the invitation when he sees other workers standing around, “You too go into my vineyard, and I will give you what is just”.  There is no agreed upon wage, just the promise that “I will give you what is just”.  If they go to work without a contract, it means they trust the word of the landowner.  You need a personal relationship with someone in order to take them at their word.  The landowner goes out three more times throughout the day, including at the “last hour” to invite more workers into the vineyard.  Who may these different workers represent?  Those called first at the beginning of the work day can represent the religious leaders of the day, the Pharisees - those who look at their relationship with God if very legalistic or contractual terms and see entry into the kingdom as the result of fulfillment of the law.  Those called first can represent the people of Israel itself which was frequently portrayed in the Old Testament as the vineyard the Lord planted.  Those called later can represent the weak and the lame - the tax collectors and sinners - those unable to fulfill the law according to system managed by the religious leaders.  They were the “lost” and those left behind.  Thinking in terms of the parable, what kind of workers would be the last to be hired?  Those who were weak, those who couldn’t produce as much comparatively speaking, or those who just couldn’t get their act together to get to the marketplace on time.  (If they were ready at dawn, why wouldn’t the landowner have hired them at that time?)  They are also there at they end of the day because they haven’t given up hope - a hope to be hired - a hope to be invited into the kingdom.  We have to think of all the people that Jesus drew to himself - the public sinner, the weak, and the lame - those rejected by others - those that despite their sinfulness were awaiting the savior.  Those called at the end can also represent the Gentiles.  There would have been a natural tension in the early church - the community to which Matthew is writing - between the Christians of Jewish origin (like the Apostles)  - those called first - and the gentiles who became followers of Jesus.  It was a real struggle as we hear in the Acts of the Apostles and the writings of St. Paul for some to grasp how the gentile converts were made equal to the Jewish Christians through their profession of faith and the grace of God.  It was an early controversy in the church that had to be worked through that the gentiles did not have to become Jews first, i.e., fulfill the prescriptions of the covenant (like becoming circumcised) before they became Christians.  Must they fulfill the law in order to be saved?  We are saved not by works but by grace.  We don’t earn salvation - entrance into the kingdom.  Salvation is a gift, it is a grace.  Salvation comes not from our efforts but from the mercy and the compassion of God.  

          We can become like the Pharisees - very legalistic or transactional in our practice of the faith - thinking that we deserve more because we have given more or “worked harder” for the Church - have been faithful longer than others.  It is very interesting that the parable is set up so that those hired first see what those hired last get paid.  The landowner does this intentionally.  It makes those hired first see that they really do not want justice, they are not satisfied with justice.  If justice was satisfying, they would be happy with what they got.  Deep down they want mercy.  They got what was just, but they want more.  Justice is not enough for us.  They are envious of the mercy given to those hired last.  This tells us that it is really mercy that we desire.  This parable is very similar to the parable of the Prodigal Son in which the older son (the first born son) is bitter that the younger son is treated with mercy.  He doesn’t understand that the Father is merciful.  The older son has conceived his relationship with the father as a master-slave relationship, and for that reason “keeping all the rules” is experienced as a burden.  What does the father say to him?   “My son, you have been with me all this time… everything I have is yours” - everything I have is freely given - you do not have to earn it.   It can be read that the older son is envious that his younger brother got to experience “a life of dissipation” and then was treated with kindness on his return.  If we really understood what sin was - in terms of a relationship with God, we would rejoice when someone responds to the invitation of the Lord later in life and comes home to God’s graces.  The gift - “the wage” if you will, is the relationship with Christ - a relationship that restores us to life.  We can’t have more or less of Jesus.  He gives all of himself when we receive his mercy.  A mother who has many children loves all her children equally - they are all equal in her eyes, yet if one of her children is hurt and disabled in some way, it will look like she loves that child more.  But how can love be measured?  It can’t.   Do you see how we start to grumble when mercy is not our measure - when we start to compare ourselves to one another in a transactional measure?  We think, “He who does more deserves more.”  But it is often the weak one - the disabled one - the baby in the family - that moves us to love and to learn to care for the other.  There is a reason why the inequality exists among us - and it is a reason that is part of God’s plan for salvation for all of us.  Yes.  The inequality is not fair in our eyes, but “God’s ways are not our ways.”  The most scary line in the parable is when the landowners says to the one who is grumbling, “Take what is yours and go.”  What is ours?  What is it that we’ve earned?  That we can call our own?  It is our sins.  And they can only be remedied by God’s mercy.  Let’s not set the terms with our relationship with God.  If we want justice, we will get it, but we won’t be happy.  In fact, the measure of justice will lead to our own condemnation.  God is more generous and wants to give us more than we can imagine.  Let’s seek the Lord - seek a relationship with him- not the benefits he gives us, and be grateful and rejoice that the Lord comes to us at all the stages of our life to call us to himself.