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26th Sunday in Ordinary Time (C) - Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus

Jesus directs the parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus to the Pharisees who sneered at Jesus after hearing parable of the steward who squandered his master’s money but became prudent in the face of impending judgment.  Jesus was applying that parable to them with the concluding warning, “You cannot serve God and mammon.”  The Pharisees loved money and therefore, despite their high status as religious leaders, they were unable to serve God.  They would justify themselves in the sight of others because they were good at fulfilling the law, but their hearts were far from God.  They were interested in what would draw human esteem - the accumulation of power, status, and pleasure, and looked down on the “sinners” and those unable to fulfill the law.  They considered themselves “saved” because of their goodness, and they separated themselves from sinners - the “unclean” and those who transgressed the law and were unable to fulfill it.  Coming in contact with the unclean  - sharing life with them - would jeopardize their purity. That is why the Pharisees looked with scorn at Jesus and complained, saying, “This man welcomes sinners and eats with them” (Lk 15:2).  The Pharisees had turned religion into a tool for their own self-serving purposes.  The faith for them had become an ideology - a false god - which they attempted to preserve at all costs.  Ideology is a system of ideas and ideals that tries to explain all of social reality.  For the ideologue, if something does not fit the narrative of the ideology, it is discounted, ignored, or vigorously attacked because it is a threat to the “system”.  This explains the hostility of the Pharisees toward Jesus who challenged their perspective and called them to conversion.  As soon as a religion becomes self serving, the self instead of God becomes the measure of behavior, and all the “rules” that I cannot keep get tossed or ignored.  They no longer apply to me or exceptions are carved out.  The Pharisees did this at the same time that they were judgmental and condemning of the sinner and those who could not fulfill the law.  This is why Jesus repeatedly calls the Pharisees “hypocrites”.  They supposedly know the scriptures and the law, but don’t live it.  It has become hollowed out, a pretense, and a facade.  They have stopped following God and listening to God; they only listen to and follow themselves. 

          The parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus depicts the great divide the Pharisees have created between themselves and reality by their ideology and the indifference that generates in them toward the suffering of others.  They would be surprised too to find the poor unclean sinner Lazarus at rest at Abraham’s side while they, represented by the rich man, are in torment, condemned to the netherworld.  The message of the parable is that if we are indifferent to the those who are suffering in this life (spiritually or physically), we will suffer an eternal separation from God.  If we do not comfort the afflicted here in this life, we will find ourselves tormented in the life to come.  The attitude of the rich man is that Lazarus is there to serve him, yet what did the rich man do to serve the needs of Lazarus?  The rich man is condemned, not for being rich, but for not having compassion on his neighbor who is suffering.  Being merciful or compassionate is not merely the sharing of goods with those less fortunate.  Mercy is being moved with compassion and sharing life with the one who is suffering, accompanying the one who is suffering, and helping them see their dignity as a child of God, even when they are wounded or have sinned.  The prophet Amos criticizes the people of Zion who go on living the high life and don’t seem to be moved in the least by the fate of their brothers in the southern kingdom when that kingdom is conquered by the enemy.  “They drink wine from bowls and anoint themselves with the best oils; yet they are not made ill by the collapse of Joseph!”  The problem with the Pharisees is that they did not see themselves as brothers or neighbors to the sinner, and therefore did not feel any responsibility toward the sinner.  They were not moved with compassion for the sinner. 

          Social justice for Catholics is not an ideology or a form of political activism - advocating for certain programs or merely protesting injustices.  If social justice is turned into an ideology, it serves not the poor but rather uses the poor to serve those in power - to advance a political agenda.  (We see examples of this in the news every day).  Social justice, from our faith perspective, requires that we are willing to “get our hands dirty” in service to the poor - that we share life with poor people.  We don’t love “the poor”  - an abstract category - that’s ideological thinking.  We love poor people - individual people - particular people made in the image and likeness of God.  Care for the poor is expressed in “works of mercy” - works in which we accompany people who are suffering.  I wonder how many people who are advocating for certain solutions to problems like poverty and homelessness and immigration have actually spent any time talking with poor people, homeless people, and immigrants?  Our opinions about such things usually change when we begin to share life with those who are suffering in these ways.  And we change as well.  I know I did when I spent time volunteering in a homeless shelter and began serving immigrant communities as a priest.  In recent history, we have the witness of Dorothy Day, Mother Teresa, and Katherine Drexel.  They were all radical Catholics who worked for social justice not through class warfare and violent revolution but by loving individual persons and living in solidarity with the poor.  They also did not hesitate, in the process, to call the establishment to conversion, but their words had power because of the way these women lived.  They are all saints or on the way to sainthood in the case of Dorothy Day.

          Have we become complacent - satisfied with ourselves and our achievements - when it comes to living our faith because we are “good Catholics” who go to mass and fulfill the precepts of the Church?  We may know the teachings of the Church and can tell people what is right and what is wrong, but what are we doing concretely to accompany those who are suffering the effects of sin, be it their own, or the effects of historical or societal injustices?  We change lives not by changing systems or structures, but by being moved with compassion for those who are suffering as Christ entered our fallen and wounded condition - becoming poor, suffering with us in and through the Incarnation.  This parable challenges us to ask ourselves what is it we love and who is it that we serve.  Who is it that we are listening to?  The path to our salvation is not a rule, but the person who may be right at our door.